![]() Obwohl die Ätiopathogenese der meisten odontogenen Tumoren nach wie vor unklar ist, gab es in jüngster Zeit einige Fortschritte beim Verständnis der genetischen Grundlagen bestimmter odontogener Tumoren. Die meisten OT scheinen jedoch de novo zu entstehen, ohne dass es einen offensichtlichen ursächlichen Faktor gibt. Die Ursachen für OT sind nach wie vor unklar. Odontogene Tumoren (OT) sind seltene Tumoren, und die geschätzte Inzidenzrate liegt bei weniger als 0,5 Fällen pro 100.000 pro Jahr. Notably, B‑RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase ( BRAF) and KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase ( KRAS) pathogenic mutations have been reported in a high proportion of ameloblastoma and ameloblastoma-related tumors and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors, respectively. ![]() Genetic mutations in these pathway genes have been reported in epithelial and mixed OTs, in addition to odontogenic carcinomas and sarcomas. ![]() Molecular analyses performed by different techniques, including Sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing, and allele-specific PCR, have uncovered mutations in genes related to the oncogenic MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Although the etiopathogenesis of most OTs remains unclear, there have been some recent advances in understanding the genetic basis relating to specific histologies and clinical features. Nonetheless, the majority of OTs seem to arise de novo, without an apparent causative factor. Odontogenic tumors (OTs) are rare, with an estimated incidence rate of less than 0.5 cases per 100,000 per year.
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